material degradation

Why Do Travel Size Shampoo Containers Leak and Turn Yellow? Reference Standard: ASTM D1693 (Standard Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of Ethylene Plastics) and ISO 1133 (Determination of the melt mass-flow rate) Short Answer Travel shampoo containers leak due to osmotic pressure gradients where surfactants penetrate the polyethylene’s amorphous zones, causing localized non-uniform swelling and Yield Strength reduction. Furthermore, irreversible yellowing is triggered by interfacial electron transfer in high-alkaline media, which excites residual catalyst particles to form visible color centers in the polymer matrix. Osmotic Pressure Gradients and Solvation Layer Penetration: Amorphous Zone Swelling Induced by Concentrated Surfactants The failure of 150ml PE squeeze bottles when carrying premium shampoos is … 続きを読む